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二极管 | Diode

半导体 | Semiconductor

P-N 结 | PN junction

N-type doping: Elements with 5 valence electrons are introduced as impurity to semiconductor

P-type doping: Elements with 3 valence electrons are introduced as impurity to semiconductor

P-N 结二极管

三种偏转情况(,Three bias conditions,)：zero bias, forward bias and reverse bias

Forward Biasing

Reserve Biasing

Zener region: in the diode’s reverse-bias region, At some point the reverse bias voltage is so large the diode breaks down and the reverse current increases dramatically.

• This maximum voltage is called avalanche breakdown voltage
• The current is called avalanche current

二极管测试 | Diode Testing

• Diode checker
• Ohmmeter
• Curve tracer

Silicon diode ≅ 0.7V

Germanium diode ≅ 0.3V

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